Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC) was conceived of by the French engineer Jacques D'Arsonval in 1881. However, at the time of this writing the Natural Energy Laboratory of Hawaii is home to the only operating experimental OTEC plant on the face of the earth. OTEC is a potential alternative energy source that needs to be funded and explored much more than it presently is.
The great hurdle to get over with OTEC implementation on a wide and practically useful level is cost. It is difficult to get the costs down to a reasonable level because of the processes presently utilized to drive OTEC. Ocean thermal energy would be very clean burning and not add pollutants into the air. However, as it presently would need to be set up with our current technologies, OTEC plants would have the capacity for disrupting and perhaps damaging the local environment.
There are three kinds of OTEC.
Closed Cycle OTEC uses a low-boiling point liquid such as, for example, propane to act as an intermediate fluid. The OTEC plant pumps the warm sea water into the reaction chamber and boils the intermediate fluid. This results in the intermediate fluid's vapor pushing the turbine of the engine, which thus generates electricity. The vapor is then cooled down by putting in cold sea water.
Open Cycle OTEC is not that different from closed cycling, except in the Open Cycle there is no intermediate fluid. The sea water itself is the driver of the turbine engine in this OTEC format. Warm sea water found on the surface of the ocean is turned into a low-pressure vapor under the constraint of a vacuum. The low-pressure vapor is released in a focused area and it has the power to drive the turbine. To cool down the vapor and create desalinated water for human consumption, the deeper ocean's cold waters are added to the vapor after it has generated sufficient electricity.
Hybrid Cycle OTEC is really just a theory for the time being. It seeks to describe the way that we could make maximum usage of the thermal energy of the ocean's waters. There are actually two sub-theories to the theory of Hybrid Cycling. The first involves using a closed cycling to generate electricity. This electricity is in turn used to create the vacuum environment needed for open cycling. The second component is the integration of two open cyclings such that twice the amount of desalinated, potable water is created than with just one open cycle.
In addition to being used for producing electricity, a closed cycle OTEC plant can be utilized for treating chemicals. OTEC plants, both open cycling and close cycling kinds, are also able to be utilized for pumping up cold deep sea water which can then be used for refrigeration and air conditioning.
Furthermore, during the moderation period when the sea water is surrounding the plant, the enclosed are can be used for mariculture and aquaculture projects such as fish farming. There is clearly quite an array of products and services that we could derive from this alternative energy source.
2008年3月15日星期六
The weak gender in search of love abroad
Open Yahoo and enter "Ukraine marriage agency" into the search box. You'll get over 1,250,000 results. Surprising for a FSU country, isn't it? The country was behind the iron curtain for almost a century. And now when it finaly gained its independence the matchmaking business is flourishing there. It puts on alert because it seems rather hard to understand the reasons for the FSU women to look for a husband abroad.
Lucky for me, when these questions began swarming in my head, a good girlfriend of mine, who has lived in Italy for a number of years, was in town to visit her family. So, instead of digging through the piles of statistics and wracking my brain in search of the answers, I turned to the source with first-hand experience.
Before I move on, let me make myself clear: by no means does this article include motives and wants of every Ukrainian woman, who submits her profile to a marriage agency. Moreover I will be the one to inspire the foreigners: do exercise caution once you chose the path of a marriage agency search. In the past, some Russian ladies from the FSU countries have provided more than enough negative publicity (read my article on scams in Lugansk city, Ukraine), but don't let that discourage you and miss out on a chance to gift someone the pleasure of communication and a possibility to find love. With that in mind, I proceed…
When I began questioning the motives of Russian women who take a chance on marriage agencies, my first discovery was quite disturbing. One of the top reasons why the FSU women prefer foreigners is that the men at their home country… aren't good enough. "Many people talk about how awful it is (for a FSU Russian girl) to live abroad and tell you horror stories. Why not admit that the reason is in those men at home, who, in my opinion, don't know what a family is?" – was a comment from Natasha in response to the article in one of the leading Russian papers, which condemned marriages to the foreigners. "Unfortunately, the 'Russian' men have got a long way to go to keep up with the men from abroad." Some bridal agencies will give you the same information. An American journalist, who took a "Romance tour to find a Russian bride" trip to Ukraine as a part of his investigation for a story, says in his on-line journal that the instructor on the tour explained to him: Ukrainian and Russian men "drink, philander, alternately beat and neglect women."
Obviously, not every FSU man treats women this way. Nevertheless, a general conception that most Russian brides/Ukrainian women share of the men in their home countries comes down to a few common words: irresponsible, hard-hearted, too demanding and not willing to provide for their children, let alone their mother. Given that the FSU women are admired throughout history for their strong family ties and devotion, it is not surprising that many of them come to marriage agencies expecting to find someone trustworthy, reliable and willing to create and nourish the family.
The other thing noticed by Natasha during her three-year-long marriage to a foreigner: "Actually, when I married him, I didn't want to live in Italy… But Italians are very family-oriented and put more emphasis on the family values. That meant a lot to me. Foreigners in general seem to be more serious about family and children, unlike the men at home."
In line with a lack of quality of the FSU men, there is also a lack of quantity. Statistics show that during 2002 the ratio men-women was 46 % to 54%, and hasn't changed much since. Given that a large part of these 46% are people who can't be counted on for love, care and support, it leaves the ladies of Russia and Ukraine very little to chose from. Of course the solution to the problem is broading your horizons.
"All the good ones have been snatched away long ago, your chances to find someone in this country after you turn 25 are next to nil," Natasha mused over a cup of coffee (she married her Italian sweetheart at the age of 29). "It seems the guys (in Ukraine) disappear when they turn 30."
On the top of all said, the appreciation of their own femininity sets the FSU women apart from American or European ladies. A lot of men can see that the FSU women are different. And this is not only about their outer beauty that is so well-known. These ladies like to look pretty, it is not unusual for them to wear a dress and pumps on a regular basis, they care about their body and like to be attractive. Bottom line, they want to be feminine, not feminist.
The FSU women cherish being a "weak gender", which for them means taking care of their family in the first place, as well as being cared for and appreciated. Promises of that seem to be given in abundance by Americans and Europeans, many of whom share an opinion that it has been too long since Western women have shown any aspiration to cherish the softer side of the "weaker gender". In comparison with a constant rush of the women at home to make careers and get equal with men, the feminine side of the FSU ladies is at definite advantage to the men from abroad. Even some FSU men notice that the foreigners are attracted by "their" women because they "remain women, not some emancipated feminists, like in the West".
Natasha gets a bit nostalgic remembering her first few times to visit Italy: "I went to Italy to feel like a queen, to get my share of attention, which I had been lacking from our men. I think there is so much beauty (in Russia), that our men are simply used to it, it is mundane to them, they forget about simple compliments… Italians value beauty."
After all this, what can I say to the men in search of their destiny? It all depends on what you are searching for. No doubt, there will be some money-hungry vamps, eager to trap you. If you want to find a woman for one night it is not a problem neither in Ukraine or Russia nor anywhere else in the world. But there are no better places than Russia and Ukraine if you want to find a respectful, caring and loving woman who will cherish your family.
Lucky for me, when these questions began swarming in my head, a good girlfriend of mine, who has lived in Italy for a number of years, was in town to visit her family. So, instead of digging through the piles of statistics and wracking my brain in search of the answers, I turned to the source with first-hand experience.
Before I move on, let me make myself clear: by no means does this article include motives and wants of every Ukrainian woman, who submits her profile to a marriage agency. Moreover I will be the one to inspire the foreigners: do exercise caution once you chose the path of a marriage agency search. In the past, some Russian ladies from the FSU countries have provided more than enough negative publicity (read my article on scams in Lugansk city, Ukraine), but don't let that discourage you and miss out on a chance to gift someone the pleasure of communication and a possibility to find love. With that in mind, I proceed…
When I began questioning the motives of Russian women who take a chance on marriage agencies, my first discovery was quite disturbing. One of the top reasons why the FSU women prefer foreigners is that the men at their home country… aren't good enough. "Many people talk about how awful it is (for a FSU Russian girl) to live abroad and tell you horror stories. Why not admit that the reason is in those men at home, who, in my opinion, don't know what a family is?" – was a comment from Natasha in response to the article in one of the leading Russian papers, which condemned marriages to the foreigners. "Unfortunately, the 'Russian' men have got a long way to go to keep up with the men from abroad." Some bridal agencies will give you the same information. An American journalist, who took a "Romance tour to find a Russian bride" trip to Ukraine as a part of his investigation for a story, says in his on-line journal that the instructor on the tour explained to him: Ukrainian and Russian men "drink, philander, alternately beat and neglect women."
Obviously, not every FSU man treats women this way. Nevertheless, a general conception that most Russian brides/Ukrainian women share of the men in their home countries comes down to a few common words: irresponsible, hard-hearted, too demanding and not willing to provide for their children, let alone their mother. Given that the FSU women are admired throughout history for their strong family ties and devotion, it is not surprising that many of them come to marriage agencies expecting to find someone trustworthy, reliable and willing to create and nourish the family.
The other thing noticed by Natasha during her three-year-long marriage to a foreigner: "Actually, when I married him, I didn't want to live in Italy… But Italians are very family-oriented and put more emphasis on the family values. That meant a lot to me. Foreigners in general seem to be more serious about family and children, unlike the men at home."
In line with a lack of quality of the FSU men, there is also a lack of quantity. Statistics show that during 2002 the ratio men-women was 46 % to 54%, and hasn't changed much since. Given that a large part of these 46% are people who can't be counted on for love, care and support, it leaves the ladies of Russia and Ukraine very little to chose from. Of course the solution to the problem is broading your horizons.
"All the good ones have been snatched away long ago, your chances to find someone in this country after you turn 25 are next to nil," Natasha mused over a cup of coffee (she married her Italian sweetheart at the age of 29). "It seems the guys (in Ukraine) disappear when they turn 30."
On the top of all said, the appreciation of their own femininity sets the FSU women apart from American or European ladies. A lot of men can see that the FSU women are different. And this is not only about their outer beauty that is so well-known. These ladies like to look pretty, it is not unusual for them to wear a dress and pumps on a regular basis, they care about their body and like to be attractive. Bottom line, they want to be feminine, not feminist.
The FSU women cherish being a "weak gender", which for them means taking care of their family in the first place, as well as being cared for and appreciated. Promises of that seem to be given in abundance by Americans and Europeans, many of whom share an opinion that it has been too long since Western women have shown any aspiration to cherish the softer side of the "weaker gender". In comparison with a constant rush of the women at home to make careers and get equal with men, the feminine side of the FSU ladies is at definite advantage to the men from abroad. Even some FSU men notice that the foreigners are attracted by "their" women because they "remain women, not some emancipated feminists, like in the West".
Natasha gets a bit nostalgic remembering her first few times to visit Italy: "I went to Italy to feel like a queen, to get my share of attention, which I had been lacking from our men. I think there is so much beauty (in Russia), that our men are simply used to it, it is mundane to them, they forget about simple compliments… Italians value beauty."
After all this, what can I say to the men in search of their destiny? It all depends on what you are searching for. No doubt, there will be some money-hungry vamps, eager to trap you. If you want to find a woman for one night it is not a problem neither in Ukraine or Russia nor anywhere else in the world. But there are no better places than Russia and Ukraine if you want to find a respectful, caring and loving woman who will cherish your family.
2008年3月5日星期三
Buying and Maintaining Salt Water Fish
A salt water fish aquarium can add beauty and life to an office or any room in the house. Exotic salt water fish are beautiful and decorative, drawing peoples attentions away from anything that is stressful in their lives. Salt water fish are also great pets for busy people, because they require a limited amount of care and feeding. This doesnt mean purchasing and taking care of these fish is a no-brainer, though.
Before investing in a salt water fish aquarium, one must decide what size tank they want and the location in the room where it will sit. Its best to position the tank somewhere that it will easy to move to and from, and where it will be prominent enough for everyone in the room to see. Salt water fish also require a pump and filter to strain and recycle their water and a temperature gauge to make sure the fish are within a healthy range of hot and cold. The purchase of exotic salt water fish will also require a heater, fish nets, salt water test kits, special food and cleaning tools. Its also nice to have some rocks, coral and other decorations in the tank to make it look and feel like the fishs natural habitat.
Different types of saltwater fish will grow differently, as well, so new owners should be prepared for the specifications of their chosen breed. Experts can assist new buyers who intend to purchase exotic salt water fish, as some fish can grow to over 12 inches in length while others may only grow an inch. A small salt water fish aquarium will also require just as much maintenance than a large one, and it may be weeks before its ready for the fish. Once theyre in, though, they will add a certain exquisiteness to any room that just cant be matched.
Before investing in a salt water fish aquarium, one must decide what size tank they want and the location in the room where it will sit. Its best to position the tank somewhere that it will easy to move to and from, and where it will be prominent enough for everyone in the room to see. Salt water fish also require a pump and filter to strain and recycle their water and a temperature gauge to make sure the fish are within a healthy range of hot and cold. The purchase of exotic salt water fish will also require a heater, fish nets, salt water test kits, special food and cleaning tools. Its also nice to have some rocks, coral and other decorations in the tank to make it look and feel like the fishs natural habitat.
Different types of saltwater fish will grow differently, as well, so new owners should be prepared for the specifications of their chosen breed. Experts can assist new buyers who intend to purchase exotic salt water fish, as some fish can grow to over 12 inches in length while others may only grow an inch. A small salt water fish aquarium will also require just as much maintenance than a large one, and it may be weeks before its ready for the fish. Once theyre in, though, they will add a certain exquisiteness to any room that just cant be matched.
2008年1月4日星期五
KY99D6电子排水阀研制成功
经过反复实验，开发成功了通径为6mm电子自动排水器（电子排水阀）。型号为：KY99D6，该产品的成功，可以解决排气量达40立方米/分的压缩空气系统排水难题，是环保节能的理想产品。
该产品的特点如下：
1、带LCD现实面板的电脑控制器可以按需求设置排水时间和排水时间间隔。排水时间可以从1秒到48小时，精度为：1秒；排水时间间隔可以从2秒到99小时59分，精度为：1秒。
2、具有停电记忆功能，在停电时计时器仍在工作；同时在LCD面板上可以显示当前时间和星期。
3、面板上设有测试按钮，按下按钮可以排水一次。
4、面板有强光电源指示灯和工作指示灯，在电子排水阀排水时，工作指示灯显示工作状态。
5、排水阀采用优质铜、不锈钢制造，可以有效的防止阀芯卡死。
6、排水阀采用独特设计，不用定期清洗，不会发生堵塞现象。
中水海狮适时开发中速船用柴油机
中水南通海狮船舶机械公司根据浙江、福建东南沿海渔民的需要，适时开发出一种6910Z系列中速船用柴油机。
该机为直列、立式、四冲程和增压中冷，机体前端配置齿轮室，齿轮室外带有机油泵、输油泵和手动输油泵。机体上还装有闭式循环机的海水泵淡水泵和冷却水泵以及涡轮增压器等。为了给渔民创造方便，还特地预留了与齿轮箱连接的公共底座。该机性能优良、结构紧凑、操作方便、使用可靠。它既可作为交通运输、钢质渔船等船舶的主机使用，也可用于大型船舶电站和陆用发电机组的主机配套。
2008年1月3日星期四
下岗工人发明“节能发电机”
“这个杂货店每天只有5元钱的进账，但6年来我一直没有放弃过搞发明的梦想。”昨日下午，大石南路社区居民刘先生称，他利用一些废材料制作了一个双轮水力发电机，可让1升水产生30升水的能量，甚至上千升水的能量，使能量利用达到最大化。
和普通发电机不同的是，刘先生发明的“双轮循环水力发电机”有两个传送轮，左右各有15个水容箱。“从上面放入的1升水，从第一个水箱传到最后一个，可以产生30升水的能量，如果水箱越多，能量相应增加。”刘先生称，“其机械根据主要是杠杆原理、单边偏中的道理，可让水源利用达到最优。”
刘先生的妻子称，夫妻两个人都下岗了，开了一个小杂货店，每天只能赚到5块钱左右，但丈夫一点也不着急，把心思全放在他的“发明事业”上。目前刘先生有几个发明都已经拿到专利证书：门窗自动报警器、转动麻将桌、双轮循环水力发电机，他下一步的打算是发明以前失败的水浮力发电机。他希望所有发明能发挥作用，为社会作出贡献。
DHW数控攻丝机:技术水平属国内领先
近日，从闻名全国的河北省永年县标准件生产基地传来好消息，由永年县阿光机械修理厂自主研制开发的“DHW数控全自动攻丝机”问世了。该设备节能、环保、安全、高效，操作方便，产品精密度高，技术水平属国内领先。
5个多月以前，记者曾采访该厂厂长董定光，写出了《阿光之路———记河北省永年县阿光机械修理厂厂长董定光》一文，并刊发于7月28日本报C版头条，报道了这位温州青年有酸、有苦也有甜的创业历程，在全国产生了一定的反响。他远走异乡谋发展、不畏艰辛创业忙的开拓精神，待工人如亲人、视质量为生命的管理模式，和重德守信、科技兴企的经营理念折服了不少人。日前，记者突然接到阿光的电话，他兴奋地告诉记者，他们自主开发的国内领先的DHW数控全自动攻丝机问世了﹗于是记者再次来到了阿光机械修理厂。这次记者径直走进了该厂的厂房，几经搜寻，终于看到了那个和其他工人师傅一样穿衣打扮的熟悉的身影。作风干练的阿光简单介绍该厂历时三个月研制开发DHW数控全自动攻丝机的经过后，立即带领记者来到一家颇具规模的标准件生产企业。 在这家企业宽敞的厂房内，记者见到了国内第一台DHW数控全自动攻丝机。简约个性的线条、轻松操作的工人，在整洁有序的的操作现场，听着标准件落到承载兜时发出的清脆欢快的声音，该企业负责人心里乐开了花：“阿光的产品操作方便，做出来的东西质量高，并且出活，价位还比较低。知道阿光开发新型攻丝机的消息后，我立即找到他订下了第一台。”据了解，DHW数控全自动攻丝机采用微电脑控制，触摸式操作面板，自动化故障报警系统（发生故障5秒钟内自动发出报警信号），操作台最高工作电压仅12伏，操作更安全、更方便、更环保；工作效率高、生长的产品精密度高也是该设备的重要特点。该设备每分钟可产160个螺母，并且每个螺母均可通可止，符和国家标准，与传统设备相比，工效可提高4倍左右，而售价仅3万元左右。
阿光在接受采访时喜悦之情溢于言表：“DHW数控全自动攻丝机问世以来，以节能、环保、安全、高效，和操作方便，产品精密度高，并且价位低，迅速赢得了市场，现在定单都安排到春节了﹗”诚信厚道是阿光做人兴企的原则，他通过记者向全国承诺：“产品售出后一年内免费保修。”
5个多月以前，记者曾采访该厂厂长董定光，写出了《阿光之路———记河北省永年县阿光机械修理厂厂长董定光》一文，并刊发于7月28日本报C版头条，报道了这位温州青年有酸、有苦也有甜的创业历程，在全国产生了一定的反响。他远走异乡谋发展、不畏艰辛创业忙的开拓精神，待工人如亲人、视质量为生命的管理模式，和重德守信、科技兴企的经营理念折服了不少人。日前，记者突然接到阿光的电话，他兴奋地告诉记者，他们自主开发的国内领先的DHW数控全自动攻丝机问世了﹗于是记者再次来到了阿光机械修理厂。这次记者径直走进了该厂的厂房，几经搜寻，终于看到了那个和其他工人师傅一样穿衣打扮的熟悉的身影。作风干练的阿光简单介绍该厂历时三个月研制开发DHW数控全自动攻丝机的经过后，立即带领记者来到一家颇具规模的标准件生产企业。 在这家企业宽敞的厂房内，记者见到了国内第一台DHW数控全自动攻丝机。简约个性的线条、轻松操作的工人，在整洁有序的的操作现场，听着标准件落到承载兜时发出的清脆欢快的声音，该企业负责人心里乐开了花：“阿光的产品操作方便，做出来的东西质量高，并且出活，价位还比较低。知道阿光开发新型攻丝机的消息后，我立即找到他订下了第一台。”据了解，DHW数控全自动攻丝机采用微电脑控制，触摸式操作面板，自动化故障报警系统（发生故障5秒钟内自动发出报警信号），操作台最高工作电压仅12伏，操作更安全、更方便、更环保；工作效率高、生长的产品精密度高也是该设备的重要特点。该设备每分钟可产160个螺母，并且每个螺母均可通可止，符和国家标准，与传统设备相比，工效可提高4倍左右，而售价仅3万元左右。
阿光在接受采访时喜悦之情溢于言表：“DHW数控全自动攻丝机问世以来，以节能、环保、安全、高效，和操作方便，产品精密度高，并且价位低，迅速赢得了市场，现在定单都安排到春节了﹗”诚信厚道是阿光做人兴企的原则，他通过记者向全国承诺：“产品售出后一年内免费保修。”
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